資料來源 : Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913)

   {To turn one's coat}, to change one's uniform or colors; to
      go over to the opposite party.

   {To turn one's goods} or {money}, and the like, to exchange
      in the course of trade; to keep in lively exchange or
      circulation; to gain or increase in trade.

   {To turn one's hand to}, to adapt or apply one's self to; to
      engage in.

   {To turn out}.
      (a) To drive out; to expel; as, to turn a family out of
          doors; to turn a man out of office.

                I'll turn you out of my kingdom.  -- Shak.
      (b) to put to pasture, as cattle or horses.
      (c) To produce, as the result of labor, or any process of
          manufacture; to furnish in a completed state.
      (d) To reverse, as a pocket, bag, etc., so as to bring the
          inside to the outside; hence, to produce.
      (e) To cause to cease, or to put out, by turning a
          stopcock, valve, or the like; as, to turn out the
          lights.

   {To turn over}.
      (a) To change or reverse the position of; to overset; to
          overturn; to cause to roll over.
      (b) To transfer; as, to turn over business to another
          hand.
      (c) To read or examine, as a book, while, turning the
          leaves. ``We turned o'er many books together.''
          --Shak.
      (d) To handle in business; to do business to the amount
          of; as, he turns over millions a year. [Colloq.]

   {To turn over a new leaf}. See under {Leaf}.

   {To turn tail}, to run away; to retreat ignominiously.

   {To turn the back}, to flee; to retreat.

   {To turn the back on} or

   {upon}, to treat with contempt; to reject or refuse
      unceremoniously.

   {To turn the corner}, to pass the critical stage; to get by
      the worst point; hence, to begin to improve, or to
      succeed.

   {To turn the die} or {dice}, to change fortune.

   {To turn the edge} or {point of}, to bend over the edge or
      point of so as to make dull; to blunt.

   {To turn the head} or {brain of}, to make giddy, wild,
      insane, or the like; to infatuate; to overthrow the reason
      or judgment of; as, a little success turned his head.

   {To turn the scale} or {balance}, to change the
      preponderance; to decide or determine something doubtful.
      

   {To turn the stomach of}, to nauseate; to sicken.

   {To turn the tables}, to reverse the chances or conditions of
      success or superiority; to give the advantage to the
      person or side previously at a disadvantage.

   {To turn tippet}, to make a change. [Obs.] --B. Jonson.

   {To turn to} {profit, advantage}, etc., to make profitable or
      advantageous.

   {To turn up}.
      (a) To turn so as to bring the bottom side on top; as, to
          turn up the trump.
      (b) To bring from beneath to the surface, as in plowing,
          digging, etc.
      (c) To give an upward curve to; to tilt; as, to turn up
          the nose.

   {To turn upon}, to retort; to throw back; as, to turn the
      arguments of an opponent upon himself.

   {To turn upside down}, to confuse by putting things awry; to
      throw into disorder.

            This house is turned upside down since Robin Ostler
            died.                                 --Shak.

Turn \Turn\, v. i.
   1. To move round; to have a circular motion; to revolve
      entirely, repeatedly, or partially; to change position, so
      as to face differently; to whirl or wheel round; as, a
      wheel turns on its axis; a spindle turns on a pivot; a man
      turns on his heel.

            The gate . . . on golden hinges turning. --Milton.

   2. Hence, to revolve as if upon a point of support; to hinge;
      to depend; as, the decision turns on a single fact.

            Conditions of peace certainly turn upon events of
            war.                                  --Swift.

   3. To result or terminate; to come about; to eventuate; to
      issue.

            If we repent seriously, submit contentedly, and
            serve him faithfully, afflictions shall turn to our
            advantage.                            --Wake.

   4. To be deflected; to take a different direction or
      tendency; to be directed otherwise; to be differently
      applied; to be transferred; as, to turn from the road.

            Turn from thy fierce wrath.           --Ex. xxxii.
                                                  12.

            Turn ye, turn ye from your evil ways. --Ezek.
                                                  xxxiii. 11.

            The understanding turns inward on itself, and
            reflects on its own operations.       --Locke.

   5. To be changed, altered, or transformed; to become
      transmuted; also, to become by a change or changes; to
      grow; as, wood turns to stone; water turns to ice; one
      color turns to another; to turn Mohammedan.

            I hope you have no intent to turn husband. --Shak.

            Cygnets from gray turn white.         --Bacon.

   6. To undergo the process of turning on a lathe; as, ivory
      turns well.

   7. Specifically:
      (a) To become acid; to sour; -- said of milk, ale, etc.
      (b) To become giddy; -- said of the head or brain.

                I'll look no more; Lest my brain turn. --Shak.
      (c) To be nauseated; -- said of the stomach.
      (d) To become inclined in the other direction; -- said of
          scales.
      (e) To change from ebb to flow, or from flow to ebb; --
          said of the tide.
      (f) (Obstetrics) To bring down the feet of a child in the
          womb, in order to facilitate delivery.

   8. (Print.) To invert a type of the same thickness, as
      temporary substitute for any sort which is exhausted.

   {To turn about}, to face to another quarter; to turn around.
      

   {To turn again}, to come back after going; to return. --Shak.

   {To turn against}, to become unfriendly or hostile to.

   {To turn} {aside or away}.
      (a) To turn from the direct course; to withdraw from a
          company; to deviate.
      (b) To depart; to remove.
      (c) To avert one's face.

   {To turn back}, to turn so as to go in an opposite direction;
      to retrace one's steps.

   {To turn in}.
      (a) To bend inward.
      (b) To enter for lodgings or entertainment.
      (c) To go to bed. [Colloq.]

   {To turn into}, to enter by making a turn; as, to turn into a
      side street.

   {To turn off}, to be diverted; to deviate from a course; as,
      the road turns off to the left.

   {To turn on} or {upon}.
      (a) To turn against; to confront in hostility or anger.
      (b) To reply to or retort.
      (c) To depend on; as, the result turns on one condition.
          

   {To turn out}.
      (a) To move from its place, as a bone.
      (b) To bend or point outward; as, his toes turn out.
      (c) To rise from bed. [Colloq.]
      (d) To come abroad; to appear; as, not many turned out to
          the fire.
      (e) To prove in the result; to issue; to result; as, the
          crops turned out poorly.

   {To turn over}, to turn from side to side; to roll; to
      tumble.

   {To turn round}.
      (a) To change position so as to face in another direction.
      (b) To change one's opinion; to change from one view or
          party to another.

   {To turn to}, to apply one's self to; have recourse to; to
      refer to. ``Helvicus's tables may be turned to on all
      occasions.'' --Locke.

   {To turn to account}, {profit}, {advantage}, or the like, to
      be made profitable or advantageous; to become worth the
      while.

   {To turn under}, to bend, or be folded, downward or under.

   {To turn up}.
      (a) To bend, or be doubled, upward.
      (b) To appear; to come to light; to transpire; to occur;
          to happen.