資料來源 : pyDict

弄短;使脆的材料

資料來源 : Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913)

Shorten \Short"en\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Shortened ?}; p. pr. &
   vb. n. {Shortening}.] [See {Short}, a.]
   1. To make short or shorter in measure, extent, or time; as,
      to shorten distance; to shorten a road; to shorten days of
      calamity.

   2. To reduce or diminish in amount, quantity, or extent; to
      lessen; to abridge; to curtail; to contract; as, to
      shorten work, an allowance of food, etc.

            Here, where the subject is so fruitful, I am
            shortened by my chain.                --Dryden.

   3. To make deficient (as to); to deprive; -- with of.

            Spoiled of his nose, and shortened of his ears.
                                                  --Dryden.

   4. To make short or friable, as pastry, with butter, lard,
      pot liquor, or the like.

   {To shorten a rope} (Naut.), to take in the slack of it.

   {To shorten sail} (Naut.), to reduce sail by taking it in.

Shortening \Short"en*ing\, n.
   1. The act of making or becoming short or shorter.

   2. (Cookery) That which renders pastry short or friable, as
      butter, lard, etc.

資料來源 : WordNet®

shortening
     n 1: fat such as butter or lard used in baked goods
     2: act of decreasing in length; "the dress needs shortening"