資料來源 : Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913)
Short \Short\, a. [Compar. {Shorter}; superl. {Shortest}.] [OE.
short, schort, AS. scort, sceort; akin to OHG. scurz, Icel.
skorta to be short of, to lack, and perhaps to E. shear, v.
t. Cf. {Shirt}.]
1. Not long; having brief length or linear extension; as, a
short distance; a short piece of timber; a short flight.
The bed is shorter than that a man can stretch
himself on it. --Isa. xxviii.
20.
2. Not extended in time; having very limited duration; not
protracted; as, short breath.
The life so short, the craft so long to learn.
--Chaucer.
To short absense I could yield. --Milton.
3. Limited in quantity; inadequate; insufficient; scanty; as,
a short supply of provisions, or of water.
4. Insufficiently provided; inadequately supplied; scantily
furnished; lacking; not coming up to a resonable, or the
ordinary, standard; -- usually with of; as, to be short of
money.
We shall be short in our provision. --Shak.
5. Deficient; defective; imperfect; not coming up, as to a
measure or standard; as, an account which is short of the
trith.
6. Not distant in time; near at hand.
Marinell was sore offended That his departure thence
should be so short. --Spenser.
He commanded those who were appointed to attend him
to be ready by a short day. --Clarendon.
7. Limited in intellectual power or grasp; not comprehensive;
narrow; not tenacious, as memory.
Their own short understandings reach No farther than
the present. --Rowe.
8. Less important, efficaceous, or powerful; not equal or
equivalent; less (than); -- with of.
Hardly anything short of an invasion could rouse
them again to war. --Landor.
9. Abrupt; brief; pointed; petulant; as, he gave a short
answer to the question.
10. (Cookery) Breaking or crumbling readily in the mouth;
crisp; as, short pastry.
11. (Metal) Brittle.
Note: Metals that are brittle when hot are called ?ot-short;
as, cast iron may be hot-short, owing to the presence
of sulphur. Those that are brittle when cold are called
cold-short; as, cast iron may be cold-short, on account
of the presence of phosphorus.
12. (Stock Exchange) Engaging or engaged to deliver what is
not possessed; as, short contracts; to be short of stock.
See The shorts, under {Short}, n., and To sell short,
under {Short}, adv.
Note: In mercantile transactions, a note or bill is sometimes
made payable at short sight, that is, in a little time
after being presented to the payer.
13. (Phon.) Not prolonged, or relatively less prolonged, in
utterance; -- opposed to {long}, and applied to vowels or
to syllables. In English, the long and short of the same
letter are not, in most cases, the long and short of the
same sound; thus, the i in ill is the short sound, not of
i in isle, but of ee in eel, and the e in pet is the
short sound of a in pate, etc. See {Quantity}, and Guide
to Pronunciation, [sect][sect]22, 30.
Note: Short is much used with participles to form numerous
self-explaining compounds; as, short-armed,
short-billed, short-fingered, short-haired,
short-necked, short-sleeved, short-tailed,
short-winged, short-wooled, etc.
{At short notice}, in a brief time; promptly.
{Short rib} (Anat.), one of the false ribs.
{Short suit} (Whist), any suit having only three cards, or
less than three. --R. A. Proctor.
{To come short}, {To cut short}, {To fall short}, etc. See
under {Come}, {Cut}, etc.
{To come out with}, to give publicity to; to disclose.
{To come over}.
(a) To pass from one side or place to another.
``Perpetually teasing their friends to come over to
them.'' --Addison.
(b) To rise and pass over, in distillation.
{To come over to}, to join.
{To come round}.
(a) To recur in regular course.
(b) To recover. [Colloq.]
(c) To change, as the wind.
(d) To relent. --J. H. Newman.
(e) To circumvent; to wheedle. [Colloq.]
{To come short}, to be deficient; to fail of attaining. ``All
have sinned and come short of the glory of God.'' --Rom.
iii. 23.
{To come to}.
(a) To consent or yield. --Swift.
(b) (Naut.) (with the accent on to) To luff; to bring the
ship's head nearer the wind; to anchor.
(c) (with the accent on to) To recover, as from a swoon.
(d) To arrive at; to reach.
(e) To amount to; as, the taxes come to a large sum.
(f) To fall to; to be received by, as an inheritance.
--Shak.
{To come to blows}. See under {Blow}.
{To come to grief}. See under {Grief}.
{To come to a head}.
(a) To suppurate, as a boil.
(b) To mature; to culminate; as a plot.
{To come to one's self}, to recover one's senses.
{To come to pass}, to happen; to fall out.
{To come to the scratch}.
(a) (Prize Fighting) To step up to the scratch or mark
made in the ring to be toed by the combatants in
beginning a contest; hence:
(b) To meet an antagonist or a difficulty bravely.
[Colloq.]