資料來源 : Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913)

Turn \Turn\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Turned}; p. pr. & vb. n.
   {Turning}.] [OE. turnen, tournen, OF. tourner, torner,
   turner, F. tourner, LL. tornare, fr. L. tornare to turn in a
   lathe, to rounds off, fr. tornus a lathe, Gr. ? a turner's
   chisel, a carpenter's tool for drawing circles; probably akin
   to E. throw. See {Throw}, and cf. {Attorney}, {Return},
   {Tornado}, {Tour}, {Tournament}.]
   1. To cause to move upon a center, or as if upon a center; to
      give circular motion to; to cause to revolve; to cause to
      move round, either partially, wholly, or repeatedly; to
      make to change position so as to present other sides in
      given directions; to make to face otherwise; as, to turn a
      wheel or a spindle; to turn the body or the head.

            Turn the adamantine spindle round.    --Milton.

            The monarch turns him to his royal guest. --Pope.

   2. To cause to present a different side uppermost or outmost;
      to make the upper side the lower, or the inside to be the
      outside of; to reverse the position of; as, to turn a box
      or a board; to turn a coat.

   3. To give another direction, tendency, or inclination to; to
      direct otherwise; to deflect; to incline differently; --
      used both literally and figuratively; as, to turn the eyes
      to the heavens; to turn a horse from the road, or a ship
      from her course; to turn the attention to or from
      something. ``Expert when to advance, or stand, or, turn
      the sway of battle.'' --Milton.

            Thrice I deluded her, and turned to sport Her
            importunity.                          --Milton.

            My thoughts are turned on peace.      --Addison.

   4. To change from a given use or office; to divert, as to
      another purpose or end; to transfer; to use or employ; to
      apply; to devote.

            Therefore he slew him, and turned the kingdom unto
            David.                                --1 Chron. x.
                                                  14.

            God will make these evils the occasion of a greater
            good, by turning them to advantage in this world.
                                                  --Tillotson.

            When the passage is open, land will be turned most
            to cattle; when shut, to sheep.       --Sir W.
                                                  Temple.

   5. To change the form, quality, aspect, or effect of; to
      alter; to metamorphose; to convert; to transform; -- often
      with to or into before the word denoting the effect or
      product of the change; as, to turn a worm into a winged
      insect; to turn green to blue; to turn prose into verse;
      to turn a Whig to a Tory, or a Hindu to a Christian; to
      turn good to evil, and the like.

            The Lord thy God will turn thy captivity, and have
            compassion upon thee.                 --Deut. xxx.
                                                  3.

            And David said, O Lord, I pray thee, turn the
            counsel of Ahithophel into foolishness. --2 Sam. xv.
                                                  31.

            Impatience turns an ague into a fever. --Jer.
                                                  Taylor.

   6. To form in a lathe; to shape or fashion (anything) by
      applying a cutting tool to it while revolving; as, to turn
      the legs of stools or tables; to turn ivory or metal.

            I had rather hear a brazen canstick turned. --Shak.

   7. Hence, to give form to; to shape; to mold; to put in
      proper condition; to adapt. ``The poet's pen turns them to
      shapes.'' --Shak.

            His limbs how turned, how broad his shoulders spread
            !                                     --Pope.

            He was perfectly well turned for trade. --Addison.

   8. Specifically:
      (a) To translate; to construe; as, to turn the Iliad.

                Who turns a Persian tale for half a crown.
                                                  --Pope.
      (b) To make acid or sour; to ferment; to curdle, etc.: as,
          to turn cider or wine; electricity turns milk quickly.
      (c) To sicken; to nauseate; as, an emetic turns one's
          stomach.

   {To be turned of}, be advanced beyond; as, to be turned of
      sixty-six.

   {To turn a cold shoulder to}, to treat with neglect or
      indifference.

   {To turn a corner}, to go round a corner.