資料來源 : Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913)

Julian \Jul"ian\ (?; 277) a. [L. Julianus, fr. Julius. Cf.
   {July}, {Gillian}.]
   Relating to, or derived from, Julius C[ae]sar.

   {Julian calendar}, the calendar as adjusted by Julius
      C[ae]sar, in which the year was made to consist of 365
      days, each fourth year having 366 days.

   {Julian epoch}, the epoch of the commencement of the Julian
      calendar, or 46 b. c.

   {Julian period}, a chronological period of 7,980 years,
      combining the solar, lunar, and indiction cycles (28 x 19
      x 15 = 7,980), being reckoned from the year 4713 B. C.,
      when the first years of these several cycles would
      coincide, so that if any year of the period be divided by
      28, 19, or 15, the remainder will be the year of the
      corresponding cycle. The Julian period was proposed by
      Scaliger, to remove or avoid ambiguities in chronological
      dates, and was so named because composed of Julian years.
      

   {Julian year}, the year of 365 days, 6 hours, adopted in the
      Julian calendar, and in use until superseded by the
      Gregorian year, as established in the reformed or
      Gregorian calendar.

Year \Year\, n. [OE. yer, yeer, [yogh]er, AS. ge['a]r; akin to
   OFries. i?r, g?r, D. jaar, OHG. j[=a]r, G. jahr, Icel. [=a]r,
   Dan. aar, Sw. [*a]r, Goth. j?r, Gr. ? a season of the year,
   springtime, a part of the day, an hour, ? a year, Zend
   y[=a]re year. [root]4, 279. Cf. {Hour}, {Yore}.]
   1. The time of the apparent revolution of the sun trough the
      ecliptic; the period occupied by the earth in making its
      revolution around the sun, called the astronomical year;
      also, a period more or less nearly agreeing with this,
      adopted by various nations as a measure of time, and
      called the civil year; as, the common lunar year of 354
      days, still in use among the Mohammedans; the year of 360
      days, etc. In common usage, the year consists of 365 days,
      and every fourth year (called bissextile, or leap year) of
      366 days, a day being added to February on that year, on
      account of the excess above 365 days (see {Bissextile}).

            Of twenty year of age he was, I guess. --Chaucer.

   Note: The civil, or legal, year, in England, formerly
         commenced on the 25th of March. This practice continued
         throughout the British dominions till the year 1752.

   2. The time in which any planet completes a revolution about
      the sun; as, the year of Jupiter or of Saturn.

   3. pl. Age, or old age; as, a man in years. --Shak.

   {Anomalistic year}, the time of the earth's revolution from
      perihelion to perihelion again, which is 365 days, 6
      hours, 13 minutes, and 48 seconds.

   {A year's mind} (Eccl.), a commemoration of a deceased
      person, as by a Mass, a year after his death. Cf. {A
      month's mind}, under {Month}.

   {Bissextile year}. See {Bissextile}.

   {Canicular year}. See under {Canicular}.

   {Civil year}, the year adopted by any nation for the
      computation of time.

   {Common lunar year}, the period of 12 lunar months, or 354
      days.

   {Common year}, each year of 365 days, as distinguished from
      leap year.

   {Embolismic year}, or {Intercalary lunar year}, the period of
      13 lunar months, or 384 days.

   {Fiscal year} (Com.), the year by which accounts are
      reckoned, or the year between one annual time of
      settlement, or balancing of accounts, and another.

   {Great year}. See {Platonic year}, under {Platonic}.

   {Gregorian year}, {Julian year}. See under {Gregorian}, and
      {Julian}.

   {Leap year}. See {Leap year}, in the Vocabulary.

   {Lunar astronomical year}, the period of 12 lunar synodical
      months, or 354 days, 8 hours, 48 minutes, 36 seconds.

   {Lunisolar year}. See under {Lunisolar}.

   {Periodical year}. See {Anomalistic year}, above.

   {Platonic year}, {Sabbatical year}. See under {Platonic}, and
      {Sabbatical}.

   {Sidereal year}, the time in which the sun, departing from
      any fixed star, returns to the same. This is 365 days, 6
      hours, 9 minutes, and 9.3 seconds.

   {Tropical year}. See under {Tropical}.

   {Year and a day} (O. Eng. Law), a time to be allowed for an
      act or an event, in order that an entire year might be
      secured beyond all question. --Abbott.

   {Year of grace}, any year of the Christian era; Anno Domini;
      A. D. or a. d.