資料來源 : Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913)

Water \Wa"ter\ (w[add]"t[~e]r), n. [AS. w[ae]ter; akin to OS.
   watar, OFries. wetir, weter, LG. & D. water, G. wasser, OHG.
   wazzar, Icel. vatn, Sw. vatten, Dan. vand, Goth. wat[=o], O.
   Slav. & Russ. voda, Gr. 'y`dwr, Skr. udan water, ud to wet,
   and perhaps to L. unda wave. [root]137. Cf. {Dropsy},
   {Hydra}, {Otter}, {Wet}, {Whisky}.]
   1. The fluid which descends from the clouds in rain, and
      which forms rivers, lakes, seas, etc. ``We will drink
      water.'' --Shak. ``Powers of fire, air, water, and
      earth.'' --Milton.

   Note: Pure water consists of hydrogen and oxygen, {H2O}, and
         is a colorless, odorless, tasteless, transparent
         liquid, which is very slightly compressible. At its
         maximum density, 39[deg] Fahr. or 4[deg] C., it is the
         standard for specific gravities, one cubic centimeter
         weighing one gram. It freezes at 32[deg] Fahr. or
         0[deg] C. and boils at 212[deg] Fahr. or 100[deg] C.
         (see {Ice}, {Steam}). It is the most important natural
         solvent, and is frequently impregnated with foreign
         matter which is mostly removed by distillation; hence,
         rain water is nearly pure. It is an important
         ingredient in the tissue of animals and plants, the
         human body containing about two thirds its weight of
         water.

   2. A body of water, standing or flowing; a lake, river, or
      other collection of water.

            Remembering he had passed over a small water a poor
            scholar when first coming to the university, he
            kneeled.                              --Fuller.

   3. Any liquid secretion, humor, or the like, resembling
      water; esp., the urine.

   4. (Pharm.) A solution in water of a gaseous or readily
      volatile substance; as, ammonia water. --U. S. Pharm.

   5. The limpidity and luster of a precious stone, especially a
      diamond; as, a diamond of the first water, that is,
      perfectly pure and transparent. Hence, of the first water,
      that is, of the first excellence.

   6. A wavy, lustrous pattern or decoration such as is imparted
      to linen, silk, metals, etc. See {Water}, v. t., 3,
      {Damask}, v. t., and {Damaskeen}.

   7. An addition to the shares representing the capital of a
      stock company so that the aggregate par value of the
      shares is increased while their value for investment is
      diminished, or ``diluted.'' [Brokers' Cant]

   Note: Water is often used adjectively and in the formation of
         many self-explaining compounds; as, water drainage;
         water gauge, or water-gauge; waterfowl, water-fowl, or
         water fowl; water-beaten; water-borne, water-circled,
         water-girdled, water-rocked, etc.

   {Hard water}. See under {Hard}.

   {Inch of water}, a unit of measure of quantity of water,
      being the quantity which will flow through an orifice one
      inch square, or a circular orifice one inch in diameter,
      in a vertical surface, under a stated constant head; also
      called {miner's inch}, and {water inch}. The shape of the
      orifice and the head vary in different localities. In the
      Western United States, for hydraulic mining, the standard
      aperture is square and the head from 4 to 9 inches above
      its center. In Europe, for experimental hydraulics, the
      orifice is usually round and the head from 1/2 of an inch
      to 1 inch above its top.

   {Mineral water}, waters which are so impregnated with foreign
      ingredients, such as gaseous, sulphureous, and saline
      substances, as to give them medicinal properties, or a
      particular flavor or temperature.

   {Soft water}, water not impregnated with lime or mineral
      salts.

   {To hold water}. See under {Hold}, v. t.

   {To keep one's head above water}, to keep afloat; fig., to
      avoid failure or sinking in the struggles of life.
      [Colloq.]

   {To make water}.
      (a) To pass urine. --Swift.
      (b) (Naut.) To admit water; to leak.

   {Water of crystallization} (Chem.), the water combined with
      many salts in their crystalline form. This water is
      loosely, but, nevertheless, chemically, combined, for it
      is held in fixed and definite amount for each substance
      containing it. Thus, while pure copper sulphate, {CuSO4},
      is a white amorphous substance, blue vitriol, the
      crystallized form, {CuSO4.5H2O}, contains five molecules
      of water of crystallization.

   {Water on the brain} (Med.), hydrocephalus.

   {Water on the chest} (Med.), hydrothorax.

   Note: Other phrases, in which water occurs as the first
         element, will be found in alphabetical order in the
         Vocabulary.

Molecular \Mo*lec"u*lar\, a. [Cf. F. mol['e]culare. See
   {Molecule}.] (Phys. & Chem.)
   Pertaining to, connected with, produced by, or consisting of,
   molecules; as, molecular forces; molecular groups of atoms,
   etc.

   {Molecular attraction} (Phys.), attraction acting between the
      molecules of bodies, and at insensible distances.

   {Molecular weight} (Chem.), the weight of a molecule of any
      gas or vapor as compared with the hydrogen atom as a
      standard; the sum of the atomic weights of the
      constituents of a molecule; thus, the molecular weight of
      water ({H2O}) is 18.

Type \Type\, n. [F. type; cf. It. tipo, from L. typus a figure,
   image, a form, type, character, Gr. ? the mark of a blow,
   impression, form of character, model, from the root of ? to
   beat, strike; cf. Skr. tup to hurt.]
   1. The mark or impression of something; stamp; impressed
      sign; emblem.

            The faith they have in tennis, and tall stockings,
            Short blistered breeches, and those types of travel.
                                                  --Shak.

   2. Form or character impressed; style; semblance.

            Thy father bears the type of king of Naples. --Shak.

   3. A figure or representation of something to come; a token;
      a sign; a symbol; -- correlative to antitype.

            A type is no longer a type when the thing typified
            comes to be actually exhibited.       --South.

   4. That which possesses or exemplifies characteristic
      qualities; the representative. Specifically:
      (a) (Biol.) A general form or structure common to a number
          of individuals; hence, the ideal representation of a
          species, genus, or other group, combining the
          essential characteristics; an animal or plant
          possessing or exemplifying the essential
          characteristics of a species, genus, or other group.
          Also, a group or division of animals having a certain
          typical or characteristic structure of body maintained
          within the group.

                Since the time of Cuvier and Baer . . . the
                whole animal kingdom has been universally held
                to be divisible into a small number of main
                divisions or types.               --Haeckel.
      (b) (Fine Arts) The original object, or class of objects,
          scene, face, or conception, which becomes the subject
          of a copy; esp., the design on the face of a medal or
          a coin.
      (c) (Chem.) A simple compound, used as a mode or pattern
          to which other compounds are conveniently regarded as
          being related, and from which they may be actually or
          theoretically derived.

   Note: The fundamental types used to express the simplest and
         most essential chemical relations are hydrochloric
         acid, {HCl}; water, {H2O}; ammonia, {NH3}; and methane,
         {CH4}.

   5. (Typog.)
      (a) A raised letter, figure, accent, or other character,
          cast in metal or cut in wood, used in printing.
      (b) Such letters or characters, in general, or the whole
          quantity of them used in printing, spoken of
          collectively; any number or mass of such letters or
          characters, however disposed.

   Note: Type are mostly made by casting type metal in a mold,
         though some of the larger sizes are made from maple,
         mahogany, or boxwood. In the cut, a is the body; b, the
         face, or part from which the impression is taken; c,
         the shoulder, or top of the body; d, the nick
         (sometimes two or more are made), designed to assist
         the compositor in distinguishing the bottom of the face
         from the top; e, the groove made in the process of
         finishing, -- each type as cast having attached to the
         bottom of the body a jet, or small piece of metal
         (formed by the surplus metal poured into the mold),
         which, when broken off, leaves a roughness that
         requires to be removed. The fine lines at the top and
         bottom of a letter are technically called ceriphs, and
         when part of the face projects over the body, as in the
         letter f, the projection is called a kern. The type
         which compose an ordinary book font consist of Roman
         CAPITALS, small capitals, and lower-case letters, and
         Italic CAPITALS and lower-case letters, with
         accompanying figures, points, and reference marks, --
         in all about two hundred characters. Including the
         various modern styles of fancy type, some three or four
         hundred varieties of face are made. Besides the
         ordinary Roman and Italic, some of the most important
         of the varieties are -- Old English. Black Letter. Old
         Style. French Elzevir. Boldface. Antique. Clarendon.
         Gothic. Typewriter. Script. The smallest body in common
         use is diamond; then follow in order of size, pearl,
         agate, nonpareil, minion, brevier, bourgeois (or
         two-line diamond), long primer (or two-line pearl),
         small pica (or two-line agate), pica (or two-line
         nonpareil), English (or two-line minion), Columbian (or
         two-line brevier), great primer (two-line bourgeois),
         paragon (or two-line long primer), double small pica
         (or two-line small pica), double pica (or two-line
         pica), double English (or two-line English), double
         great primer (or two-line great primer), double paragon
         (or two-line paragon), canon (or two-line double pica).
         Above this, the sizes are called five-line pica,
         six-line pica, seven-line pica, and so on, being made
         mostly of wood. The following alphabets show the
         different sizes up to great primer. Brilliant . .
         abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz

資料來源 : WordNet®

H2O
     n : binary compound that occurs at room temperature as a clear
         colorless odorless tasteless liquid; freezes into ice
         below 0 degrees centigrade and boils above 100 degrees
         centigrade; widely used as a solvent [syn: {water}]