資料來源 : Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913)

Liver \Liv"er\, n. [AS. lifer; akin to D. liver, G. leber, OHG.
   lebara, Icel. lifr, Sw. lefver, and perh. to Gr. ? fat, E.
   live, v.] (Anat.)
   A very large glandular and vascular organ in the visceral
   cavity of all vertebrates.

   Note: Most of the venous blood from the alimentary canal
         passes through it on its way back to the heart; and it
         secretes the bile, produces glycogen, and in other ways
         changes the blood which passes through it. In man it is
         situated immediately beneath the diaphragm and mainly
         on the right side. See {Bile}, {Digestive}, and
         {Glycogen}. The liver of invertebrate animals is
         usually made up of c[ae]cal tubes, and differs
         materially, in form and function, from that of
         vertebrates.

   {Floating liver}. See {Wandering liver}, under {Wandering}.
      

   {Liver of antimony}, {Liver of sulphur}. (Old Chem.) See
      {Hepar}.

   {Liver brown}, {Liver color}, the color of liver, a dark,
      reddish brown.

   {Liver shark} (Zo["o]l.), a very large shark ({Cetorhinus
      maximus}), inhabiting the northern coasts both of Europe
      and North America. It sometimes becomes forty feet in
      length, being one of the largest sharks known; but it has
      small simple teeth, and is not dangerous. It is captured
      for the sake of its liver, which often yields several
      barrels of oil. It has gill rakers, resembling whalebone,
      by means of which it separates small animals from the sea
      water. Called also {basking shark}, {bone shark},
      {hoemother}, {homer}, and {sailfish}

Floating \Float"ing\, a.
   1. Buoyed upon or in a fluid; a, the floating timbers of a
      wreck; floating motes in the air.

   2. Free or lose from the usual attachment; as, the floating
      ribs in man and some other animals.

   3. Not funded; not fixed, invested, or determined; as,
      floating capital; a floating debt.

            Trade was at an end. Floating capital had been
            withdrawn in great masses from the island.
                                                  --Macaulay.

   {Floating anchor} (Naut.), a drag or sea anchor; drag sail.
      

   {Floating battery} (Mil.), a battery erected on rafts or the
      hulls of ships, chiefly for the defense of a coast or the
      bombardment of a place.

   {Floating bridge}.
      (a) A bridge consisting of rafts or timber, with a floor
          of plank, supported wholly by the water; a bateau
          bridge. See {Bateau}.
      (b) (Mil.) A kind of double bridge, the upper one
          projecting beyond the lower one, and capable of being
          moved forward by pulleys; -- used for carrying troops
          over narrow moats in attacking the outworks of a fort.
      (c) A kind of ferryboat which is guided and impelled by
          means of chains which are anchored on each side of a
          stream, and pass over wheels on the vessel, the wheels
          being driven by stream power.
      (d) The landing platform of a ferry dock.

   {Floating cartilage} (Med.), a cartilage which moves freely
      in the cavity of a joint, and often interferes with the
      functions of the latter.

   {Floating dam}.
      (a) An anchored dam.
      (b) A caisson used as a gate for a dry dock.

   {Floating derrick}, a derrick on a float for river and harbor
      use, in raising vessels, moving stone for harbor
      improvements, etc.

   {Floating dock}. (Naut.) See under {Dock}.

   {Floating harbor}, a breakwater of cages or booms, anchored
      and fastened together, and used as a protection to ships
      riding at anchor to leeward. --Knight.

   {Floating heart} (Bot.), a small aquatic plant ({Limnanthemum
      lacunosum}) whose heart-shaped leaves float on the water
      of American ponds.

   {Floating island}, a dish for dessert, consisting of custard
      with floating masses of whipped cream or white of eggs.

   {Floating kidney}. (Med.) See {Wandering kidney}, under
      {Wandering}.

   {Floating light}, a light shown at the masthead of a vessel
      moored over sunken rocks, shoals, etc., to warn mariners
      of danger; a light-ship; also, a light erected on a buoy
      or floating stage.

   {Floating liver}. (Med.) See {Wandering liver}, under
      {Wandering}.

   {Floating pier}, a landing stage or pier which rises and
      falls with the tide.

   {Floating ribs} (Anat.), the lower or posterior ribs which
      are not connected with the others in front; in man they
      are the last two pairs.

   {Floating screed} (Plastering), a strip of plastering first
      laid on, to serve as a guide for the thickness of the
      coat.

   {Floating threads} (Weaving), threads which span several
      other threads without being interwoven with them, in a
      woven fabric.