資料來源 : Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913)

Ear \Ear\, n. [AS. e['a]re; akin to OFries. ['a]re, ['a]r, OS.
   ?ra, D. oor, OHG. ?ra, G. ohr, Icel. eyra, Sw. ["o]ra, Dan.
   ["o]re, Goth. auso, L. auris, Lith. ausis, Russ. ukho, Gr. ?;
   cf. L. audire to hear, Gr. ?, Skr. av to favor, protect. Cf.
   {Auricle}, {Orillon}.]
   1. The organ of hearing; the external ear.

   Note: In man and the higher vertebrates, the organ of hearing
         is very complicated, and is divisible into three parts:
         the external ear, which includes the pinna or auricle
         and meatus or external opening; the middle ear, drum,
         or tympanum; and the internal ear, or labyrinth. The
         middle ear is a cavity connected by the Eustachian tube
         with the pharynx, separated from the opening of the
         external ear by the tympanic membrane, and containing a
         chain of three small bones, or ossicles, named malleus,
         incus, and stapes, which connect this membrane with the
         internal ear. The essential part of the internal ear
         where the fibers of the auditory nerve terminate, is
         the membranous labyrinth, a complicated system of sacs
         and tubes filled with a fluid (the endolymph), and
         lodged in a cavity, called the bony labyrinth, in the
         periotic bone. The membranous labyrinth does not
         completely fill the bony labyrinth, but is partially
         suspended in it in a fluid (the perilymph). The bony
         labyrinth consists of a central cavity, the vestibule,
         into which three semicircular canals and the canal of
         the cochlea (spirally coiled in mammals) open. The
         vestibular portion of the membranous labyrinth consists
         of two sacs, the utriculus and sacculus, connected by a
         narrow tube, into the former of which three membranous
         semicircular canals open, while the latter is connected
         with a membranous tube in the cochlea containing the
         organ of Corti. By the help of the external ear the
         sonorous vibrations of the air are concentrated upon
         the tympanic membrane and set it vibrating, the chain
         of bones in the middle ear transmits these vibrations
         to the internal ear, where they cause certain delicate
         structures in the organ of Corti, and other parts of
         the membranous labyrinth, to stimulate the fibers of
         the auditory nerve to transmit sonorous impulses to the
         brain.

   2. The sense of hearing; the perception of sounds; the power
      of discriminating between different tones; as, a nice ear
      for music; -- in the singular only.

            Songs . . . not all ungrateful to thine ear.
                                                  --Tennyson.

   3. That which resembles in shape or position the ear of an
      animal; any prominence or projection on an object, --
      usually one for support or attachment; a lug; a handle;
      as, the ears of a tub, a skillet, or dish. The ears of a
      boat are outside kneepieces near the bow. See Illust. of
      {Bell}.

   4. (Arch.)
      (a) Same as {Acroterium}.
      (b) Same as {Crossette}.

   5. Privilege of being kindly heard; favor; attention.

            Dionysius . . . would give no ear to his suit.
                                                  --Bacon.

            Friends, Romans, countrymen, lend me your ears.
                                                  --Shak.

   {About the ears}, in close proximity to; near at hand.

   {By the ears}, in close contest; as, to set by the ears; to
      fall together by the ears; to be by the ears.

   {Button ear} (in dogs), an ear which falls forward and
      completely hides the inside.

   {Ear finger}, the little finger.

   {Ear of Dionysius}, a kind of ear trumpet with a flexible
      tube; -- named from the Sicilian tyrant, who constructed a
      device to overhear the prisoners in his dungeons.

   {Ear sand} (Anat.), otoliths. See {Otolith}.

   {Ear snail} (Zo["o]l.), any snail of the genus {Auricula} and
      allied genera.

   {Ear stones} (Anat.), otoliths. See {Otolith}.

   {Ear trumpet}, an instrument to aid in hearing. It consists
      of a tube broad at the outer end, and narrowing to a
      slender extremity which enters the ear, thus collecting
      and intensifying sounds so as to assist the hearing of a
      partially deaf person.

   {Ear vesicle} (Zo["o]l.), a simple auditory organ, occurring
      in many worms, mollusks, etc. It consists of a small sac
      containing a fluid and one or more solid concretions or
      otocysts.

   {Rose ear} (in dogs), an ear which folds backward and shows
      part of the inside.

   {To give ear to}, to listen to; to heed, as advice or one
      advising. ``Give ear unto my song.'' --Goldsmith.

   {To have one's ear}, to be listened to with favor.

   {Up to the ears}, deeply submerged; almost overwhelmed; as,
      to be in trouble up to one's ears. [Colloq.]

Finger \Fin"ger\, n. [AS. finger; akin to D. vinger, OS. & OHG.
   fingar, G. finger, Icel. fingr, Sw. & Dan. finger, Goth.
   figgrs; of unknown origin; perh. akin to E. fang.]
   1. One of the five terminating members of the hand; a digit;
      esp., one of the four extermities of the hand, other than
      the thumb.

   2. Anything that does work of a finger; as, the pointer of a
      clock, watch, or other registering machine; especially
      (Mech.) a small projecting rod, wire, or piece, which is
      brought into contact with an object to effect, direct, or
      restrain a motion.

   3. The breadth of a finger, or the fourth part of the hand; a
      measure of nearly an inch; also, the length of finger, a
      measure in domestic use in the United States, of about
      four and a half inches or one eighth of a yard.

            A piece of steel three fingers thick. --Bp. Wilkins.

   4. Skill in the use of the fingers, as in playing upon a
      musical instrument. [R.]

            She has a good finger.                --Busby.

   {Ear finger}, the little finger.

   {Finger alphabet}. See {Dactylology}.

   {Finger bar}, the horizontal bar, carrying slotted spikes, or
      fingers, through which the vibratory knives of mowing and
      reaping machines play.

   {Finger board} (Mus.), the part of a stringed instrument
      against which the fingers press the strings to vary the
      tone; the keyboard of a piano, organ, etc.; manual.

   {Finger} {bowl or glass}, a bowl or glass to hold water for
      rinsing the fingers at table.

   {Finger flower} (Bot.), the foxglove.

   {Finger grass} (Bot.), a kind of grass ({Panicum sanguinale})
      with slender radiating spikes; common crab grass. See
      {Crab grass}, under {Crab}.

   {Finger nut}, a fly nut or thumb nut.

   {Finger plate}, a strip of metal, glass, etc., to protect a
      painted or polished door from finger marks.

   {Finger post}, a guide post bearing an index finger.

   {Finger reading}, reading printed in relief so as to be
      sensible to the touch; -- so made for the blind.

   {Finger shell} (Zo["o]l.), a marine shell ({Pholas dactylus})
      resembling a finger in form.

   {Finger sponge} (Zo["o]l.), a sponge having finger-shaped
      lobes, or branches.

   {Finger stall}, a cover or shield for a finger.

   {Finger steel}, a steel instrument for whetting a currier's
      knife.

   {To burn one's fingers}. See under {Burn}.

   {To have a finger in}, to be concerned in. [Colloq.]

   {To have at one's fingers' ends}, to be thoroughly familiar
      with. [Colloq.]