資料來源 : Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913)
touto. The English have applied the name especially to the
Germanic people living nearest them, the Hollanders. Cf.
{Derrick}, {Teutonic}.]
Pertaining to Holland, or to its inhabitants.
{Dutch auction}. See under {Auction}.
{Dutch cheese}, a small, pound, hard cheese, made from skim
milk.
{Dutch clinker}, a kind of brick made in Holland. It is
yellowish, very hard, and long and narrow in shape.
{Dutch clover} (Bot.), common white clover ({Trifolium
repens}), the seed of which was largely imported into
England from Holland.
{Dutch concert}, a so-called concert in which all the singers
sing at the same time different songs. [Slang]
{Dutch courage}, the courage of partial intoxication. [Slang]
--Marryat.
{Dutch door}, a door divided into two parts, horizontally, so
arranged that the lower part can be shut and fastened,
while the upper part remains open.
{Dutch foil}, {Dutch leaf}, or {Dutch gold}, a kind of brass
rich in copper, rolled or beaten into thin sheets, used in
Holland to ornament toys and paper; -- called also {Dutch
mineral}, {Dutch metal}, {brass foil}, and {bronze leaf}.
{Dutch liquid} (Chem.), a thin, colorless, volatile liquid,
{C2H4Cl2}, of a sweetish taste and a pleasant ethereal
odor, produced by the union of chlorine and ethylene or
olefiant gas; -- called also {Dutch oil}. It is so called
because discovered (in 1795) by an association of four
Hollandish chemists. See {Ethylene}, and {Olefiant}.
Brass \Brass\, n.; pl. {Brasses}. [OE. bras, bres, AS. br[ae]s;
akin to Icel. bras cement, solder, brasa to harden by fire,
and to E. braze, brazen. Cf. 1st & 2d {Braze}.]
1. An alloy (usually yellow) of copper and zinc, in variable
proportion, but often containing two parts of copper to
one part of zinc. It sometimes contains tin, and rarely
other metals.
2. (Mach.) A journal bearing, so called because frequently
made of brass. A brass is often lined with a softer metal,
when the latter is generally called a white metal lining.
See {Axle box}, {Journal Box}, and {Bearing}.
3. Coin made of copper, brass, or bronze. [Obs.]
Provide neither gold, nor silver, nor brass in your
purses, nor scrip for your journey. --Matt. x. 9.
4. Impudence; a brazen face. [Colloq.]
5. pl. Utensils, ornaments, or other articles of brass.
The very scullion who cleans the brasses.
--Hopkinson.
6. A brass plate engraved with a figure or device.
Specifically, one used as a memorial to the dead, and
generally having the portrait, coat of arms, etc.
7. pl. (Mining) Lumps of pyrites or sulphuret of iron, the
color of which is near to that of brass.
Note: The word brass as used in Sculpture language is a
translation for copper or some kind of bronze.
Note: Brass is often used adjectively or in self-explaining
compounds; as, brass button, brass kettle, brass
founder, brass foundry or brassfoundry.
{Brass band} (Mus.), a band of musicians who play upon wind
instruments made of brass, as trumpets, cornets, etc.
{Brass foil}, {Brass leaf}, brass made into very thin sheets;
-- called also {Dutch gold}.
Gold \Gold\ (g[=o]ld), n. [AS. gold; akin to D. goud, OS. & G.
gold, Icel. gull, Sw. & Dan. guld, Goth. gul[thorn], Russ. &
OSlav. zlato; prob. akin to E. yellow. [root]49, 234. See
{Yellow}, and cf. {Gild}, v. t.]
1. (Chem.) A metallic element, constituting the most precious
metal used as a common commercial medium of exchange. It
has a characteristic yellow color, is one of the heaviest
substances known (specific gravity 19.32), is soft, and
very malleable and ductile. It is quite unalterable by
heat, moisture, and most corrosive agents, and therefore
well suited for its use in coin and jewelry. Symbol Au
(Aurum). Atomic weight 196.7.
Note: Native gold contains usually eight to ten per cent of
silver, but often much more. As the amount of silver
increases, the color becomes whiter and the specific
gravity lower. Gold is very widely disseminated, as in
the sands of many rivers, but in very small quantity.
It usually occurs in quartz veins (gold quartz), in
slate and metamorphic rocks, or in sand and alluvial
soil, resulting from the disintegration of such rocks.
It also occurs associated with other metallic
substances, as in auriferous pyrites, and is combined
with tellurium in the minerals petzite, calaverite,
sylvanite, etc. Pure gold is too soft for ordinary use,
and is hardened by alloying with silver and copper, the
latter giving a characteristic reddish tinge. [See
{Carat}.] Gold also finds use in gold foil, in the
pigment purple of Cassius, and in the chloride, which
is used as a toning agent in photography.
2. Money; riches; wealth.
For me, the gold of France did not seduce. --Shak.
3. A yellow color, like that of the metal; as, a flower
tipped with gold.
4. Figuratively, something precious or pure; as, hearts of
gold. --Shak.
{Age of gold}. See {Golden age}, under {Golden}.
{Dutch gold}, {Fool's gold}, {Gold dust}, etc. See under
{Dutch}, {Dust}, etc.
{Gold amalgam}, a mineral, found in Columbia and California,
composed of gold and mercury.
{Gold beater}, one whose occupation is to beat gold into gold
leaf.
{Gold beater's skin}, the prepared outside membrane of the
large intestine of the ox, used for separating the leaves
of metal during the process of gold-beating.
{Gold beetle} (Zo["o]l.), any small gold-colored beetle of
the family {Chrysomelid[ae]}; -- called also {golden
beetle}.
{Gold blocking}, printing with gold leaf, as upon a book
cover, by means of an engraved block. --Knight.
{Gold cloth}. See {Cloth of gold}, under {Cloth}.
{Gold Coast}, a part of the coast of Guinea, in West Africa.
{Gold cradle}. (Mining) See {Cradle}, n., 7.
{Gold diggings}, the places, or region, where gold is found
by digging in sand and gravel from which it is separated
by washing.
{Gold end}, a fragment of broken gold or jewelry.
{Gold-end man}.
(a) A buyer of old gold or jewelry.
(b) A goldsmith's apprentice.
(c) An itinerant jeweler. ``I know him not: he looks like
a gold-end man.'' --B. Jonson.
{Gold fever}, a popular mania for gold hunting.
{Gold field}, a region in which are deposits of gold.
{Gold finder}.
(a) One who finds gold.
(b) One who empties privies. [Obs. & Low] --Swift.
{Gold flower}, a composite plant with dry and persistent
yellow radiating involucral scales, the {Helichrysum
St[oe]chas} of Southern Europe. There are many South
African species of the same genus.
{Gold foil}, thin sheets of gold, as used by dentists and
others. See {Gold leaf}.
{Gold} {knobs or knoppes} (Bot.), buttercups.
{Gold lace}, a kind of lace, made of gold thread.
{Gold latten}, a thin plate of gold or gilded metal.
{Gold leaf}, gold beaten into a film of extreme thinness, and
used for gilding, etc. It is much thinner than gold foil.
{Gold lode} (Mining), a gold vein.
{Gold mine}, a place where gold is obtained by mining
operations, as distinguished from diggings, where it is
extracted by washing. Cf. {Gold diggings} (above).
{Gold nugget}, a lump of gold as found in gold mining or
digging; -- called also a {pepito}.
{Gold paint}. See {Gold shell}.
{Gold or Golden}, {pheasant}. (Zo["o]l.) See under
{Pheasant}.
{Gold plate}, a general name for vessels, dishes, cups,
spoons, etc., made of gold.