資料來源 : pyDict

商業部

資料來源 : Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913)

Trade \Trade\, n. [Formerly, a path, OE. tred a footmark. See
   {Tread}, n. & v.]
   1. A track; a trail; a way; a path; also, passage; travel;
      resort. [Obs.]

            A postern with a blind wicket there was, A common
            trade to pass through Priam's house.  --Surrey.

            Hath tracted forth some salvage beastes trade.
                                                  --Spenser.

            Or, I'll be buried in the king's highway, Some way
            of common trade, where subjects' feet May hourly
            trample on their sovereign's head.    --Shak.

   2. Course; custom; practice; occupation; employment. [Obs.]
      ``The right trade of religion.'' --Udall.

            There those five sisters had continual trade.
                                                  --Spenser.

            Long did I love this lady, Long was my travel, long
            my trade to win her.                  --Massinger.

            Thy sin's not accidental but a trade. --Shak.

   3. Business of any kind; matter of mutual consideration;
      affair; dealing. [Obs.]

            Have you any further trade with us?   --Shak.

   4. Specifically: The act or business of exchanging
      commodities by barter, or by buying and selling for money;
      commerce; traffic; barter.

   Note: Trade comprehends every species of exchange or dealing,
         either in the produce of land, in manufactures, in
         bills, or in money; but it is chiefly used to denote
         the barter or purchase and sale of goods, wares, and
         merchandise, either by wholesale or retail. Trade is
         either foreign or domestic. Foreign trade consists in
         the exportation and importation of goods, or the
         exchange of the commodities of different countries.
         Domestic, or home, trade is the exchange, or buying and
         selling, of goods within a country. Trade is also by
         the wholesale, that is, by the package or in large
         quantities, generally to be sold again, or it is by
         retail, or in small parcels. The carrying trade is the
         business of transporting commodities from one country
         to another, or between places in the same country, by
         land or water.

   5. The business which a person has learned, and which he
      engages in, for procuring subsistence, or for profit;
      occupation; especially, mechanical employment as
      distinguished from the liberal arts, the learned
      professions, and agriculture; as, we speak of the trade of
      a smith, of a carpenter, or mason, but not now of the
      trade of a farmer, or a lawyer, or a physician.

            Accursed usury was all his trade.     --Spenser.

            The homely, slighted, shepherd's trade. --Milton.

            I will instruct thee in my trade.     --Shak.

   6. Instruments of any occupation. [Obs.]

            The house and household goods, his trade of war.
                                                  --Dryden.

   7. A company of men engaged in the same occupation; thus,
      booksellers and publishers speak of the customs of the
      trade, and are collectively designated as the trade.

   8. pl. The trade winds.

   9. Refuse or rubbish from a mine. [Prov. Eng.]

   Syn: Profession; occupation; office; calling; avocation;
        employment; commerce; dealing; traffic.

   {Board of trade}. See under {Board}.

   {Trade dollar}. See under {Dollar}.

   {Trade price}, the price at which goods are sold to members
      of the same trade, or by wholesale dealers to retailers.
      

   {Trade sale}, an auction by and for the trade, especially
      that of the booksellers.

   {Trade wind}, a wind in the torrid zone, and often a little
      beyond at, which blows from the same quarter throughout
      the year, except when affected by local causes; -- so
      called because of its usefulness to navigators, and hence
      to trade.

   Note: The general direction of the trade winds is from N. E.
         to S. W. on the north side of the equator, and from S.
         E. to N. W. on the south side of the equator. They are
         produced by the joint effect of the rotation of the
         earth and the movement of the air from the polar toward
         the equatorial regions, to supply the vacancy caused by
         heating, rarefaction, and consequent ascent of the air
         in the latter regions. The trade winds are principally
         limited to two belts in the tropical regions, one on
         each side of the equator, and separated by a belt which
         is characterized by calms or variable weather.

Board \Board\, n. [OE. bord, AS. bord board, shipboard; akin to
   bred plank, Icel. bor? board, side of a ship, Goth.
   f?tu-baurd]/> footstool, D. bord board, G. brett, bort. See
   def. 8. [root]92.]
   1. A piece of timber sawed thin, and of considerable length
      and breadth as compared with the thickness, -- used for
      building, etc.

   Note: When sawed thick, as over one and a half or two inches,
         it is usually called a plank.

   2. A table to put food upon.

   Note: The term board answers to the modern table, but it was
         often movable, and placed on trestles. --Halliwell.

               Fruit of all kinds . . . She gathers, tribute
               large, and on the board Heaps with unsparing
               hand.                              --Milton.

   3. Hence: What is served on a table as food; stated meals;
      provision; entertainment; -- usually as furnished for pay;
      as, to work for one's board; the price of board.

   4. A table at which a council or court is held. Hence: A
      council, convened for business, or any authorized assembly
      or meeting, public or private; a number of persons
      appointed or elected to sit in council for the management
      or direction of some public or private business or trust;
      as, the Board of Admiralty; a board of trade; a board of
      directors, trustees, commissioners, etc.

            Both better acquainted with affairs than any other
            who sat then at that board.           --Clarendon.

            We may judge from their letters to the board.
                                                  --Porteus.

   5. A square or oblong piece of thin wood or other material
      used for some special purpose, as, a molding board; a
      board or surface painted or arranged for a game; as, a
      chessboard; a backgammon board.

   6. Paper made thick and stiff like a board, for book covers,
      etc.; pasteboard; as, to bind a book in boards.

   7. pl. The stage in a theater; as, to go upon the boards, to
      enter upon the theatrical profession.

   8. [In this use originally perh. a different word meaning
      border, margin; cf. D. boord, G. bord, shipboard, and G.
      borte trimming; also F. bord (fr. G.) the side of a ship.
      Cf. {Border}.] The border or side of anything. (Naut.)
      (a) The side of a ship. ``Now board to board the rival
          vessels row.'' --Dryden. See {On board}, below.
      (b) The stretch which a ship makes in one tack.

   Note: Board is much used adjectively or as the last part of a
         compound; as, fir board, clapboard, floor board,
         shipboard, sideboard, ironing board, chessboard,
         cardboard, pasteboard, seaboard; board measure.

   {The American Board}, a shortened form of ``The American
      Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions'' (the foreign
      missionary society of the American Congregational
      churches).

   {Bed and board}. See under {Bed}.

   {Board and board} (Naut.), side by side.

   {Board of control}, six privy councilors formerly appointed
      to superintend the affairs of the British East Indies.
      --Stormonth.

   {Board rule}, a figured scale for finding without calculation
      the number of square feet in a board. --Haldeman.

   {Board of trade}, in England, a committee of the privy
      council appointed to superintend matters relating to
      trade. In the United States, a body of men appointed for
      the advancement and protection of their business
      interests; a chamber of commerce.

   {Board wages}.
      (a) Food and lodging supplied as compensation for
          services; as, to work hard, and get only board wages.
      (b) Money wages which are barely sufficient to buy food
          and lodging.
      (c) A separate or special allowance of wages for the
          procurement of food, or food and lodging. --Dryden.

   {By the board}, over the board, or side. ``The mast went by
      the board.'' --Totten. Hence (Fig.),

   {To go by the board}, to suffer complete destruction or
      overthrow.

   {To enter on the boards}, to have one's name inscribed on a
      board or tablet in a college as a student. [Cambridge,
      England.] ``Having been entered on the boards of Trinity
      college.'' --Hallam.

   {To make a good board} (Naut.), to sail in a straight line
      when close-hauled; to lose little to leeward.

   {To make short boards}, to tack frequently.

   {On board}.
      (a) On shipboard; in a ship or a boat; on board of; as, I
          came on board early; to be on board ship.
      (b) In or into a railway car or train. [Colloq. U. S.]

   {Returning board}, a board empowered to canvass and make an
      official statement of the votes cast at an election.
      [U.S.]